Understanding Eardrum Perforations: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment in the Tampa Bay Area

What Causes an Eardrum Perforation?

A hole in the eardrum can result from several common situations:

• Ear infections
  Built-up pressure in the middle ear can cause the eardrum to burst.

• Trauma or injury
  This includes inserting objects (Q-tips, bobby pins), sudden impact, or a slap to the ear.

• Pressure changes (barotrauma)
  From flying, scuba diving, or rapid altitude changes.

• Loud blasts or explosions
  Sudden, intense sound waves can tear the eardrum.

• Foreign objects
  Children and adults may accidentally damage the eardrum while trying to “clean” the ear canal.

Common Symptoms

People with a perforated eardrum may notice:

• Sudden ear pain followed by relief

• Drainage from the ear (clear, cloudy, or bloody)

• Hearing loss or muffled hearing

• Tinnitus (ringing or buzzing)

• A feeling of fullness

• Dizziness, in some cases

If symptoms start suddenly after an infection or injury, a perforation is possible.

How an ENT Diagnoses It

Diagnosis is done through:

• Ear exam (otoscopy)
  A simple look inside the ear identifies the hole.

• Hearing test
  Checks for temporary or long-term hearing impact.

• Evaluation for infection
  Especially if drainage is present.

Treatment Options

Most eardrum perforations heal on their own, especially small ones. Treatment focuses on protection and preventing infection:

• Keeping the ear dry (no water in the ear)

• Prescription drops if infection is present

• Avoiding Q-tips or inserting anything in the ear

• Follow-up exam to ensure proper healing

When a perforation does not heal on its own, an ENT may recommend:

Eardrum Patch (Office Procedure)

A small paper-like patch helps the membrane seal and close.

Tympanoplasty (Surgical Repair)

Used for larger or chronic perforations. This outpatient surgery repairs the hole and can significantly improve hearing.

When to Seek Help

You should be evaluated by an ENT if:

• Ear pain is severe or sudden

• You notice drainage or bleeding

• Hearing suddenly worsens

• Symptoms last more than a few days

• There's dizziness or balance trouble

Prompt care prevents complications such as chronic infections or long-term hearing loss.

A Path to Healing

Most eardrum perforations heal fully, especially with early treatment and careful protection of the ear. If you’re experiencing ear pain, drainage, or sudden hearing changes, an ENT evaluation at Vitale ENT can provide answers and help restore comfort and hearing.